<?php
/**
* @package Joomla.Platform
* @subpackage Database
*
* @copyright Copyright (C) 2005 - 2019 Open Source Matters, Inc. All rights reserved.
* @license GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
*/
defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;
/**
* PostgreSQL PDO Database Driver
*
* @link https://www.php.net/manual/en/ref.pdo-mysql.php
* @since 3.9.0
*/
class JDatabaseDriverPgsql extends JDatabaseDriverPdo
{
/**
* The database driver name
*
* @var string
* @since 3.9.0
*/
public $name = 'pgsql';
/**
* The character(s) used to quote SQL statement names such as table names or field names,
* etc. The child classes should define this as necessary. If a single character string the
* same character is used for both sides of the quoted name, else the first character will be
* used for the opening quote and the second for the closing quote.
*
* @var string
* @since 3.9.0
*/
protected $nameQuote = '"';
/**
* The null or zero representation of a timestamp for the database driver. This should be
* defined in child classes to hold the appropriate value for the engine.
*
* @var string
* @since 3.9.0
*/
protected $nullDate = '1970-01-01 00:00:00';
/**
* The minimum supported database version.
*
* @var string
* @since 3.9.0
*/
protected static $dbMinimum = '8.3.18';
/**
* Operator used for concatenation
*
* @var string
* @since 3.9.0
*/
protected $concat_operator = '||';
/**
* Database object constructor
*
* @param array $options List of options used to configure the connection
*
* @since 3.9.0
*/
public function __construct($options)
{
$options['driver'] = 'pgsql';
$options['host'] = isset($options['host']) ? $options['host'] : 'localhost';
$options['user'] = isset($options['user']) ? $options['user'] : '';
$options['password'] = isset($options['password']) ? $options['password'] : '';
$options['database'] = isset($options['database']) ? $options['database'] : '';
$options['port'] = isset($options['port']) ? $options['port'] : null;
// Finalize initialization
parent::__construct($options);
}
/**
* Connects to the database if needed.
*
* @return void Returns void if the database connected successfully.
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function connect()
{
if ($this->getConnection())
{
return;
}
parent::connect();
$this->setQuery('SET standard_conforming_strings = off')->execute();
}
/**
* Drops a table from the database.
*
* @param string $tableName The name of the database table to drop.
* @param boolean $ifExists Optionally specify that the table must exist before it is dropped.
*
* @return boolean true
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function dropTable($tableName, $ifExists = true)
{
$this->setQuery('DROP TABLE ' . ($ifExists ? 'IF EXISTS ' : '') . $this->quoteName($tableName))->execute();
return true;
}
/**
* Method to get the database collation in use by sampling a text field of a table in the database.
*
* @return mixed The collation in use by the database or boolean false if not supported.
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function getCollation()
{
$this->setQuery('SHOW LC_COLLATE');
$array = $this->loadAssocList();
return $array[0]['lc_collate'];
}
/**
* Method to get the database connection collation in use by sampling a text field of a table in the database.
*
* @return mixed The collation in use by the database connection (string) or boolean false if not supported.
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function getConnectionCollation()
{
$this->setQuery('SHOW LC_COLLATE');
$array = $this->loadAssocList();
return $array[0]['lc_collate'];
}
/**
* Shows the table CREATE statement that creates the given tables.
*
* This is unsuported by PostgreSQL.
*
* @param mixed $tables A table name or a list of table names.
*
* @return string An empty string because this function is not supported by PostgreSQL.
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function getTableCreate($tables)
{
return '';
}
/**
* Retrieves field information about a given table.
*
* @param string $table The name of the database table.
* @param boolean $typeOnly True to only return field types.
*
* @return array An array of fields for the database table.
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function getTableColumns($table, $typeOnly = true)
{
$this->connect();
$result = array();
$tableSub = $this->replacePrefix($table);
$this->setQuery('
SELECT a.attname AS "column_name",
pg_catalog.format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod) as "type",
CASE WHEN a.attnotnull IS TRUE
THEN \'NO\'
ELSE \'YES\'
END AS "null",
CASE WHEN pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(adef.adbin, adef.adrelid, true) IS NOT NULL
THEN pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(adef.adbin, adef.adrelid, true)
END as "Default",
CASE WHEN pg_catalog.col_description(a.attrelid, a.attnum) IS NULL
THEN \'\'
ELSE pg_catalog.col_description(a.attrelid, a.attnum)
END AS "comments"
FROM pg_catalog.pg_attribute a
LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_attrdef adef ON a.attrelid=adef.adrelid AND a.attnum=adef.adnum
LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_type t ON a.atttypid=t.oid
WHERE a.attrelid =
(SELECT oid FROM pg_catalog.pg_class WHERE relname=' . $this->quote($tableSub) . '
AND relnamespace = (SELECT oid FROM pg_catalog.pg_namespace WHERE
nspname = \'public\')
)
AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped
ORDER BY a.attnum'
);
$fields = $this->loadObjectList();
if ($typeOnly)
{
foreach ($fields as $field)
{
$result[$field->column_name] = preg_replace('/[(0-9)]/', '', $field->type);
}
}
else
{
foreach ($fields as $field)
{
if (stristr(strtolower($field->type), 'character varying'))
{
$field->Default = '';
}
if (stristr(strtolower($field->type), 'text'))
{
$field->Default = '';
}
// Do some dirty translation to MySQL output.
// @todo: Come up with and implement a standard across databases.
$result[$field->column_name] = (object) array(
'column_name' => $field->column_name,
'type' => $field->type,
'null' => $field->null,
'Default' => $field->Default,
'comments' => '',
'Field' => $field->column_name,
'Type' => $field->type,
'Null' => $field->null,
// @todo: Improve query above to return primary key info as well
// 'Key' => ($field->PK == '1' ? 'PRI' : '')
);
}
}
// Change Postgresql's NULL::* type with PHP's null one
foreach ($fields as $field)
{
if (preg_match('/^NULL::*/', $field->Default))
{
$field->Default = null;
}
}
return $result;
}
/**
* Get the details list of keys for a table.
*
* @param string $table The name of the table.
*
* @return array An array of the column specification for the table.
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function getTableKeys($table)
{
$this->connect();
// To check if table exists and prevent SQL injection
$tableList = $this->getTableList();
if (in_array($table, $tableList, true))
{
// Get the details columns information.
$this->setQuery('
SELECT indexname AS "idxName", indisprimary AS "isPrimary", indisunique AS "isUnique",
CASE WHEN indisprimary = true THEN
( SELECT \'ALTER TABLE \' || tablename || \' ADD \' || pg_catalog.pg_get_constraintdef(const.oid, true)
FROM pg_constraint AS const WHERE const.conname= pgClassFirst.relname )
ELSE pg_catalog.pg_get_indexdef(indexrelid, 0, true)
END AS "Query"
FROM pg_indexes
LEFT JOIN pg_class AS pgClassFirst ON indexname=pgClassFirst.relname
LEFT JOIN pg_index AS pgIndex ON pgClassFirst.oid=pgIndex.indexrelid
WHERE tablename=' . $this->quote($table) . ' ORDER BY indkey'
);
return $this->loadObjectList();
}
return false;
}
/**
* Method to get an array of all tables in the database.
*
* @return array An array of all the tables in the database.
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function getTableList()
{
$query = $this->getQuery(true)
->select('table_name')
->from('information_schema.tables')
->where('table_type = ' . $this->quote('BASE TABLE'))
->where('table_schema NOT IN (' . $this->quote('pg_catalog') . ', ' . $this->quote('information_schema') . ')')
->order('table_name ASC');
$this->setQuery($query);
return $this->loadColumn();
}
/**
* Get the details list of sequences for a table.
*
* @param string $table The name of the table.
*
* @return array An array of sequences specification for the table.
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function getTableSequences($table)
{
// To check if table exists and prevent SQL injection
$tableList = $this->getTableList();
if (in_array($table, $tableList, true))
{
$name = array(
's.relname', 'n.nspname', 't.relname', 'a.attname', 'info.data_type',
'info.minimum_value', 'info.maximum_value', 'info.increment', 'info.cycle_option'
);
$as = array('sequence', 'schema', 'table', 'column', 'data_type', 'minimum_value', 'maximum_value', 'increment', 'cycle_option');
if (version_compare($this->getVersion(), '9.1.0') >= 0)
{
$name[] .= 'info.start_value';
$as[] .= 'start_value';
}
// Get the details columns information.
$query = $this->getQuery(true)
->select($this->quoteName($name, $as))
->from('pg_class AS s')
->leftJoin("pg_depend d ON d.objid = s.oid AND d.classid = 'pg_class'::regclass AND d.refclassid = 'pg_class'::regclass")
->leftJoin('pg_class t ON t.oid = d.refobjid')
->leftJoin('pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.relnamespace')
->leftJoin('pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = t.oid AND a.attnum = d.refobjsubid')
->leftJoin('information_schema.sequences AS info ON info.sequence_name = s.relname')
->where('s.relkind = ' . $this->quote('S') . ' AND d.deptype = ' . $this->quote('a') . ' AND t.relname = ' . $this->quote($table));
$this->setQuery($query);
return $this->loadObjectList();
}
return false;
}
/**
* Locks a table in the database.
*
* @param string $tableName The name of the table to unlock.
*
* @return JDatabaseDriverPgsql Returns this object to support chaining.
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function lockTable($tableName)
{
$this->transactionStart();
$this->setQuery('LOCK TABLE ' . $this->quoteName($tableName) . ' IN ACCESS EXCLUSIVE MODE')->execute();
return $this;
}
/**
* Renames a table in the database.
*
* @param string $oldTable The name of the table to be renamed
* @param string $newTable The new name for the table.
* @param string $backup Not used by PostgreSQL.
* @param string $prefix Not used by PostgreSQL.
*
* @return JDatabaseDriverPgsql Returns this object to support chaining.
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function renameTable($oldTable, $newTable, $backup = null, $prefix = null)
{
$this->connect();
// To check if table exists and prevent SQL injection
$tableList = $this->getTableList();
// Origin Table does not exist
if (!in_array($oldTable, $tableList, true))
{
// Origin Table not found
throw new \RuntimeException('Table not found in Postgresql database.');
}
// Rename indexes
$subQuery = $this->getQuery(true)
->select('indexrelid')
->from('pg_index, pg_class')
->where('pg_class.relname = ' . $this->quote($oldTable))
->where('pg_class.oid = pg_index.indrelid');
$this->setQuery(
$this->getQuery(true)
->select('relname')
->from('pg_class')
->where('oid IN (' . (string) $subQuery . ')')
);
$oldIndexes = $this->loadColumn();
foreach ($oldIndexes as $oldIndex)
{
$changedIdxName = str_replace($oldTable, $newTable, $oldIndex);
$this->setQuery('ALTER INDEX ' . $this->escape($oldIndex) . ' RENAME TO ' . $this->escape($changedIdxName))->execute();
}
// Rename sequences
$subQuery = $this->getQuery(true)
->select('oid')
->from('pg_namespace')
->where('nspname NOT LIKE ' . $this->quote('pg_%'))
->where('nspname != ' . $this->quote('information_schema'));
$this->setQuery(
$this->getQuery(true)
->select('relname')
->from('pg_class')
->where('relkind = ' . $this->quote('S'))
->where('relnamespace IN (' . (string) $subQuery . ')')
->where('relname LIKE ' . $this->quote("%$oldTable%"))
);
$oldSequences = $this->loadColumn();
foreach ($oldSequences as $oldSequence)
{
$changedSequenceName = str_replace($oldTable, $newTable, $oldSequence);
$this->setQuery('ALTER SEQUENCE ' . $this->escape($oldSequence) . ' RENAME TO ' . $this->escape($changedSequenceName))->execute();
}
// Rename table
$this->setQuery('ALTER TABLE ' . $this->escape($oldTable) . ' RENAME TO ' . $this->escape($newTable))->execute();
return true;
}
/**
* This function return a field value as a prepared string to be used in a SQL statement.
*
* @param array $columns Array of table's column returned by ::getTableColumns.
* @param string $field_name The table field's name.
* @param string $field_value The variable value to quote and return.
*
* @return string The quoted string.
*
* @since 3.9.0
*/
public function sqlValue($columns, $field_name, $field_value)
{
switch ($columns[$field_name])
{
case 'boolean':
$val = 'NULL';
if ($field_value === 't' || $field_value === true || $field_value === 1 || $field_value === '1')
{
$val = 'TRUE';
}
elseif ($field_value === 'f' || $field_value === false || $field_value === 0 || $field_value === '0')
{
$val = 'FALSE';
}
break;
case 'bigint':
case 'bigserial':
case 'integer':
case 'money':
case 'numeric':
case 'real':
case 'smallint':
case 'serial':
case 'numeric,':
$val = $field_value === '' ? 'NULL' : $field_value;
break;
case 'date':
case 'timestamp without time zone':
if (empty($field_value))
{
$field_value = $this->getNullDate();
}
$val = $this->quote($field_value);
break;
default:
$val = $this->quote($field_value);
break;
}
return $val;
}
/**
* Method to commit a transaction.
*
* @param boolean $toSavepoint If true, commit to the last savepoint.
*
* @return void
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function transactionCommit($toSavepoint = false)
{
$this->connect();
if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth <= 1)
{
if ($this->setQuery('COMMIT')->execute())
{
$this->transactionDepth = 0;
}
return;
}
$this->transactionDepth--;
}
/**
* Method to roll back a transaction.
*
* @param boolean $toSavepoint If true, rollback to the last savepoint.
*
* @return void
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function transactionRollback($toSavepoint = false)
{
$this->connect();
if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth <= 1)
{
if ($this->setQuery('ROLLBACK')->execute())
{
$this->transactionDepth = 0;
}
return;
}
$savepoint = 'SP_' . ($this->transactionDepth - 1);
$this->setQuery('ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT ' . $this->quoteName($savepoint));
if ($this->execute())
{
$this->transactionDepth--;
$this->setQuery('RELEASE SAVEPOINT ' . $this->quoteName($savepoint))->execute();
}
}
/**
* Method to initialize a transaction.
*
* @param boolean $asSavepoint If true and a transaction is already active, a savepoint will be created.
*
* @return void
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function transactionStart($asSavepoint = false)
{
$this->connect();
if (!$asSavepoint || !$this->transactionDepth)
{
if ($this->setQuery('START TRANSACTION')->execute())
{
$this->transactionDepth = 1;
}
return;
}
$savepoint = 'SP_' . $this->transactionDepth;
$this->setQuery('SAVEPOINT ' . $this->quoteName($savepoint));
if ($this->execute())
{
$this->transactionDepth++;
}
}
/**
* Inserts a row into a table based on an object's properties.
*
* @param string $table The name of the database table to insert into.
* @param object &$object A reference to an object whose public properties match the table fields.
* @param string $key The name of the primary key. If provided the object property is updated.
*
* @return boolean True on success.
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function insertObject($table, &$object, $key = null)
{
$columns = $this->getTableColumns($table);
$fields = array();
$values = array();
// Iterate over the object variables to build the query fields and values.
foreach (get_object_vars($object) as $k => $v)
{
// Skip columns that don't exist in the table.
if (!array_key_exists($k, $columns))
{
continue;
}
// Only process non-null scalars.
if (is_array($v) || is_object($v) || $v === null)
{
continue;
}
// Ignore any internal fields or primary keys with value 0.
if (($k[0] === '_') || ($k == $key && (($v === 0) || ($v === '0'))))
{
continue;
}
// Prepare and sanitize the fields and values for the database query.
$fields[] = $this->quoteName($k);
$values[] = $this->sqlValue($columns, $k, $v);
}
// Create the base insert statement.
$query = $this->getQuery(true);
$query->insert($this->quoteName($table))
->columns($fields)
->values(implode(',', $values));
$retVal = false;
if ($key)
{
$query->returning($key);
// Set the query and execute the insert.
$this->setQuery($query);
$id = $this->loadResult();
if ($id)
{
$object->$key = $id;
$retVal = true;
}
}
else
{
// Set the query and execute the insert.
$this->setQuery($query);
if ($this->execute())
{
$retVal = true;
}
}
return $retVal;
}
/**
* Test to see if the PostgreSQL connector is available.
*
* @return boolean True on success, false otherwise.
*
* @since 3.9.0
*/
public static function isSupported()
{
return class_exists('PDO') && in_array('pgsql', PDO::getAvailableDrivers(), true);
}
/**
* Returns an array containing database's table list.
*
* @return array The database's table list.
*
* @since 3.9.0
*/
public function showTables()
{
$query = $this->getQuery(true)
->select('table_name')
->from('information_schema.tables')
->where('table_type=' . $this->quote('BASE TABLE'))
->where('table_schema NOT IN (' . $this->quote('pg_catalog') . ', ' . $this->quote('information_schema') . ' )');
$this->setQuery($query);
return $this->loadColumn();
}
/**
* Get the substring position inside a string
*
* @param string $substring The string being sought
* @param string $string The string/column being searched
*
* @return integer The position of $substring in $string
*
* @since 3.9.0
*/
public function getStringPositionSql($substring, $string)
{
$this->setQuery("SELECT POSITION($substring IN $string)");
$position = $this->loadRow();
return $position['position'];
}
/**
* Generate a random value
*
* @return float The random generated number
*
* @since 3.9.0
*/
public function getRandom()
{
$this->setQuery('SELECT RANDOM()');
$random = $this->loadAssoc();
return $random['random'];
}
/**
* Get the query string to alter the database character set.
*
* @param string $dbName The database name
*
* @return string The query that alter the database query string
*
* @since 3.9.0
*/
public function getAlterDbCharacterSet($dbName)
{
return 'ALTER DATABASE ' . $this->quoteName($dbName) . ' SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO ' . $this->quote('UTF8');
}
/**
* Get the query string to create new Database in correct PostgreSQL syntax.
*
* @param object $options object coming from "initialise" function to pass user and database name to database driver.
* @param boolean $utf True if the database supports the UTF-8 character set, not used in PostgreSQL "CREATE DATABASE" query.
*
* @return string The query that creates database, owned by $options['user']
*
* @since 3.9.0
*/
public function getCreateDbQuery($options, $utf)
{
$query = 'CREATE DATABASE ' . $this->quoteName($options->db_name) . ' OWNER ' . $this->quoteName($options->db_user);
if ($utf)
{
$query .= ' ENCODING ' . $this->quote('UTF-8');
}
return $query;
}
/**
* This function replaces a string identifier <var>$prefix</var> with the string held is the <var>tablePrefix</var> class variable.
*
* @param string $sql The SQL statement to prepare.
* @param string $prefix The common table prefix.
*
* @return string The processed SQL statement.
*
* @since 3.9.0
*/
public function replacePrefix($sql, $prefix = '#__')
{
$sql = trim($sql);
if (strpos($sql, '\''))
{
// Sequence name quoted with ' ' but need to be replaced
if (strpos($sql, 'currval'))
{
$sql = explode('currval', $sql);
for ($nIndex = 1, $nIndexMax = count($sql); $nIndex < $nIndexMax; $nIndex += 2)
{
$sql[$nIndex] = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix, $sql[$nIndex]);
}
$sql = implode('currval', $sql);
}
// Sequence name quoted with ' ' but need to be replaced
if (strpos($sql, 'nextval'))
{
$sql = explode('nextval', $sql);
for ($nIndex = 1, $nIndexMax = count($sql); $nIndex < $nIndexMax; $nIndex += 2)
{
$sql[$nIndex] = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix, $sql[$nIndex]);
}
$sql = implode('nextval', $sql);
}
// Sequence name quoted with ' ' but need to be replaced
if (strpos($sql, 'setval'))
{
$sql = explode('setval', $sql);
for ($nIndex = 1, $nIndexMax = count($sql); $nIndex < $nIndexMax; $nIndex += 2)
{
$sql[$nIndex] = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix, $sql[$nIndex]);
}
$sql = implode('setval', $sql);
}
$explodedQuery = explode('\'', $sql);
for ($nIndex = 0, $nIndexMax = count($explodedQuery); $nIndex < $nIndexMax; $nIndex += 2)
{
if (strpos($explodedQuery[$nIndex], $prefix))
{
$explodedQuery[$nIndex] = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix, $explodedQuery[$nIndex]);
}
}
$replacedQuery = implode('\'', $explodedQuery);
}
else
{
$replacedQuery = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix, $sql);
}
return $replacedQuery;
}
/**
* Unlocks tables in the database, this command does not exist in PostgreSQL, it is automatically done on commit or rollback.
*
* @return JDatabaseDriverPgsql Returns this object to support chaining.
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function unlockTables()
{
$this->transactionCommit();
return $this;
}
/**
* Updates a row in a table based on an object's properties.
*
* @param string $table The name of the database table to update.
* @param object &$object A reference to an object whose public properties match the table fields.
* @param array $key The name of the primary key.
* @param boolean $nulls True to update null fields or false to ignore them.
*
* @return boolean
*
* @since 3.9.0
* @throws \RuntimeException
*/
public function updateObject($table, &$object, $key, $nulls = false)
{
$columns = $this->getTableColumns($table);
$fields = array();
$where = array();
if (is_string($key))
{
$key = array($key);
}
if (is_object($key))
{
$key = (array) $key;
}
// Create the base update statement.
$statement = 'UPDATE ' . $this->quoteName($table) . ' SET %s WHERE %s';
// Iterate over the object variables to build the query fields/value pairs.
foreach (get_object_vars($object) as $k => $v)
{
// Skip columns that don't exist in the table.
if (! array_key_exists($k, $columns))
{
continue;
}
// Only process scalars that are not internal fields.
if (is_array($v) || is_object($v) || $k[0] === '_')
{
continue;
}
// Set the primary key to the WHERE clause instead of a field to update.
if (in_array($k, $key, true))
{
$key_val = $this->sqlValue($columns, $k, $v);
$where[] = $this->quoteName($k) . '=' . $key_val;
continue;
}
// Prepare and sanitize the fields and values for the database query.
if ($v === null)
{
// If the value is null and we do not want to update nulls then ignore this field.
if (!$nulls)
{
continue;
}
// If the value is null and we want to update nulls then set it.
$val = 'NULL';
}
else
// The field is not null so we prep it for update.
{
$val = $this->sqlValue($columns, $k, $v);
}
// Add the field to be updated.
$fields[] = $this->quoteName($k) . '=' . $val;
}
// We don't have any fields to update.
if (empty($fields))
{
return true;
}
// Set the query and execute the update.
$this->setQuery(sprintf($statement, implode(',', $fields), implode(' AND ', $where)));
return $this->execute();
}
/**
* Quotes a binary string to database requirements for use in database queries.
*
* @param mixed $data A binary string to quote.
*
* @return string The binary quoted input string.
*
* @since 3.9.12
*/
public function quoteBinary($data)
{
return "decode('" . bin2hex($data) . "', 'hex')";
}
}